# Backup | | In information technology, a **Backup**, or data backup is a copy of computer data taken and stored elsewhere so that it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event. The verb form, referring to the process of doing so, is "back up", whereas the noun and adjective form is "backup". Backups can be used to recover data after its loss from data deletion or corruption, or to recover data from an earlier time.  Backups provide a simple form of disaster recovery; however not all backup systems are able to reconstitute a computer system or other complex configuration such as a computer cluster, active directory server, or database server. | |-|-| | | wikipedia:: [Backup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backup) | ## Tools [List of backup software - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_backup_software) - [[Synology]] - [[Duplicati]] - [[Duplicacy]] - [[Dupliciti]] - [[Veeam]] ### [[Apple]] - [[Carbon Copy Cloner]] - [[Time Machine]] - (migrated to [[Carbon Copy Cloner]]) - Super Duper (migrated to [[Carbon Copy Cloner]] - [[Chronosync]] - [[iCloud]] ### [[Windows]] - [[File History (Windows backup software)]] - Files, attached disks - [[OneDrive]] builtin Backup app on Windows - [[Macrium Reflect]] - Backup and Restore app - Deprecated. Use [[File History (Windows backup software)]] - Images - [Redo Rescue: Backup and Recovery Made Easy | Bare metal restore](http://redorescue.com/) is free and does images. Might not be encrypted. - [[Windows Server]] Backup - [[SyncBack]] - [[Shadow Copy]] ### Cross-platform (Windows, nix, & Apple) - [[rsync]] - [[Rclone]] - [[BorgBackup]] - [[BorgBase]] - [[Borgmatic]] - [[Vorta]] - not full windows support? - [[Restic]] - Nix, Mac, and Windows. Can Backup to [[BorgBase]] - [[Kopia]] - [[BackBlaze]] ## Providers - [Remote backup service - Wikipedia](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_backup_service) - [Comparison of online backup services - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_online_backup_services) - [[BackBlaze]] - [[BorgBase]] - [[Arq]] - [[Wasabi]] - [[Druva]] [[Cloud]] - Carbonite - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonite\_(online\_backup) - Mozy - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozy - Crashplan - https://www.crashplan.com/en-us/ ## [[Cloud Storage, Syncing, & File Sharing]] ## [[Git]] Repos - [[Gickup]] ## [[FTP]] - [[Cyberduck]] - [[Transmit]] ## Process [[My Backup and Recovery]] ## Backup [[Cloud Storage, Syncing, & File Sharing]] Apps - Have an always on device like a home server or [[Raspberry Pi]] sync everything locally and backup from that device. ## Infrastructure & Config - Use as much [[Infrastructure as Code|IaC]] as possible so you can backup the config with git, plus have an easier recovery plan too. ## VM Backup - Apparently, nobody really backs up the hypervisor itself, only the VMs because it is usually trivial and quicker to deploy a new hypervisor than to restore a backed up hypervisor - just back up the VMs - Veam - https://www.veeam.com/ - Altaro - https://www.altaro.com/ ## [[3-2-1 Backup Rule]] ## [[Disaster Recovery]] ### Bootable Disk Images #### [[macOS]] - #form/thought/analysis - Due to [[APFS]], while technically still possible, [[Carbon Copy Cloner]] and/or SuperDuper I think have basically said it's sketchy at this point and only recommend it with a giant grain of salt. So, it's probably not that relevant on [[macOS]] anymore, especially since it is still pretty easy and reliable to restore from a regular backup - there are options with either an existing Mac or via a new macOS installation or installation media. Pretty reliable supposedly and doesn't usually take that long. ### [[Windows]] - #form/thought/analysis - Images are still relevant on Windows, if only to avoid likely bugs etc from convoluted Windows reinstallation, etc. However, it's not as standardized as on [[macOS]] and you probably need 3rd party paid software. ## Issues, priorities, concerns - Competing priorities of prioritizing for data protection vs data loss - e.g. using encryption to make sure people can't access your data, vs maybe not using encryption to make sure you can access your backups when you need them. ### [[Security]] And [[Encryption]] - Encrypt client-side if possible and manage your own keys, etc. ## [[Events, Incidents, Alerts, & Notifications]] - Monitor and log backups to central log system - Alert on failures ## Hot Backup - You can do it on the live service with no down time - the standard way to back up most databases such as MySQL. ## Cold Backup - where you need to take the service offline - cold backup images are usually saved to disk on a different server and/or offsite ## RPO - What is the tolerable amount of data loss ## RTO - What is the tolerable amount of down time ## Inbox - [[NAS]] - [[Bacula]] - [[UrBackup]] - [[LuckyBackup]] - [[CloudBerryBackup]] - CubeBackup-GoogleWorkspace - CubeBackup-Microsoft365 - icloud-drive-sync - rsnapshot - [[ProBackup]]